How to Drive a Car in Japan?
A Simple Guide for Foreigners
Introduction
Why drive in Japan?
When living in Japan for an extended period, you may start off relying mainly on trains and buses, but eventually, you might think, “Having a car would make life so much easier.”
This is especially true if you live in a rural city or the suburbs, where a car can become your daily companion. Shopping, road trips, family pick-ups and drop-offs, commuting for work—these offer a level of freedom public transportation can’t match.
However, there are, of course, rules for driving in Japan, and a foreign driver’s license is not always valid here. In this article, we will clearly explain how foreigners can legally drive in Japan, along with key points to watch out for.
1. First, check if you can drive with your current license
The first thing to know is that just having a foreign driver’s license does not, in principle, allow you to drive in Japan.
There are exceptions. If your license was issued in a Geneva Convention member country, you can obtain an International Driving Permit (IDP), which will allow you to drive in Japan for up to one year from your date of entry. However, once this period ends, the permit becomes invalid, so long-term residents should switch to a Japanese license as soon as possible.
2. Switching your foreign license to a Japanese one
Taking the Japanese driving test from scratch can be time-consuming and costly, but if you already have a valid foreign license, you may be able to use the license conversion process. This allows you to obtain a Japanese driver’s license based on your existing foreign license.
Requirements for conversion:
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You must hold a valid foreign driver’s license.
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You must be able to prove that you stayed in the country where the license was issued for at least three months after obtaining it (passport stamps or visa records can be used).
Depending on the issuing country, you may be exempt from the written and practical tests. For example, France, Germany, the UK, South Korea, and Switzerland are exempt. Those from other countries must take a simple written test and a practical driving test.
3. The conversion process
This procedure is handled at the driver’s license examination centers in each prefecture. The general flow is as follows:
① Prepare the required documents:
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Valid foreign driver’s license (original)
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Japanese translation of the license (available from JAF or your embassy)
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Passport
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Residence card
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ID photo (can be taken at the license center)
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Fee (approx. ¥3,000–¥5,000)
② Application:
Submit your documents at the counter. In some regions, you may need to make an appointment in advance.
③ Aptitude test:
Vision and hearing check. No need to worry if you don’t speak Japanese—it’s straightforward.
④ Tests (if required):
If your country is not exempt, you’ll take a short multiple-choice written test (about 10 true/false questions) and a practical driving test on a closed course.
4. Key points for the practical driving test
The practical test focuses on following safe-driving procedures precisely. Foreign drivers should pay particular attention to Japanese-specific rules and driving habits.
Commonly emphasized points include:
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Turn signal timing: Activate about 30 meters before turning.
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Safety checks: Always do visual confirmation, not just mirrors.
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Slow driving: At intersections, blind spots, and before pedestrian crossings.
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Vehicle positioning: Keep correct lane discipline and spacing.
These aren’t just for the test—they’re essential for everyday driving in Japan.
5. Distinctive features of Japanese traffic rules
While some countries drive on the right side of the road, Japan drives on the left. The driver’s seat is on the right-hand side of the car, which may take some getting used to.
Pedestrian priority is strictly enforced. If someone is at a crosswalk, you must stop, even if there’s no traffic light. Failing to do so at an unmarked crossing can result in penalties.
Drunk driving laws are extremely strict. A breath alcohol concentration of just 0.15mg/l is enough for an immediate violation. For foreigners, this can even affect residency status.
6. Driving expands your life in Japan
Once you have a license, your freedom in Japan grows dramatically.
In spring, you can tour cherry blossom spots; in summer, enjoy seaside drives; in autumn, chase colorful leaves; and in winter, visit hot springs—all at your own pace.
Japan’s countryside is dotted with small towns and villages that are hard to reach by public transport. With a car, you can explore hidden gems and local delicacies at your leisure.
7. Summary
There are two main ways to drive legally in Japan: using an International Driving Permit or switching to a Japanese license. For short stays, an IDP is fine, but for long-term living, converting your license early is the safer choice.
The process may take some effort, but once you have your Japanese license, the whole country opens up to you. Drive safely and enjoy the unique travel experiences Japan has to offer.
