Want to Drive in Japan with a Foreign License?

A Step-by-Step Guide to Converting Your Driver’s License

For many foreigners staying in Japan for the long term, being able to drive can significantly expand their freedom and convenience in everyday life.
However, a driver’s license obtained in your home country cannot simply be used in Japan as-is.
So, how can you legally drive in Japan?

In this article, we’ll walk you through the process of converting a foreign driver’s license into a Japanese one — known as “gaikoku menkyo kirikae” — including the procedure, required documents, and important things to watch out for.

What Is a “Foreign License Conversion”?

A foreign license conversion (officially called Conversion of a Foreign Driver’s License) is the process of turning a valid overseas license into a Japanese driver’s license.
Once this process is complete, you’ll be legally allowed to drive cars or motorcycles in Japan.

However, this conversion is not automatic for all foreign licenses. Certain conditions must be met.

3 Key Conditions to Check Before You Apply

1. Is your license still valid?

Your foreign license must be valid and unexpired at the time of application. Expired or lapsed licenses are not eligible for conversion.

2. Did you stay in the issuing country for at least 3 months after obtaining the license?

You must have stayed in the country where the license was issued for at least 3 months after obtaining it.
This rule helps prevent abuse from people who try to get licenses quickly while traveling abroad.

3. Do you have a valid residence status in Japan?

To apply, you must have a Residence Card or Special Permanent Resident Certificate.
Short-term visitors on a tourist visa are not eligible.

How to Convert Your Foreign License: Basic Process

The conversion process is handled at the Driver’s License Center in your prefecture.
Here’s how the general process works:

1. Prepare the Required Documents

Here’s a list of commonly required documents (requirements may vary slightly depending on the prefecture):

• Valid foreign driver’s license

• Official Japanese translation of the license (from JAF or your embassy/consulate)

• Passport (with entry/exit stamps visible)

• Residence Card or Special Permanent Resident Certificate

• Resident Record (Juminhyo) – My Number not required

• ID photo (3 cm x 2.4 cm, taken within the last 6 months)

• Fees (stamp fees + issuance fees)

Important: The Japanese translation must be issued by JAF (Japan Automobile Federation) or your embassy/consulate.
Self-translated versions will not be accepted.

2. Visit the Driver’s License Center

Bring all the required documents and apply at the Driver’s License Center.
Some centers operate by appointment only, so it’s a good idea to check in advance.

During your visit, the following steps will take place:

• Document verification

• Photo session (for license issuance – separate from the one you bring)

• Aptitude tests (vision, hearing, physical movement)

• Written test and/or driving test (only if required)

3. Will You Need to Take Tests?

Not all applicants are required to take written and driving tests.
Whether or not you need them depends on the country or region where your license was issued.

■ Countries/Regions Where Tests Are Waived

If your license is from one of the following places, you can skip both the written and driving tests:

• United Kingdom

• Germany

• France

• Switzerland

• Netherlands

• Australia (varies by state)

• South Korea

• Taiwan
  …and others.

In these cases, only document screening and a simple aptitude test are required.

■ Countries/Regions That Require Tests

Some regions, like the United States or Canada, may or may not require tests depending on the state or province.
For example, if you have a license from California, a driving test is usually required.

Licenses from Southeast Asian or Latin American countries generally require both the written and driving tests.

Important Notes If Tests Are Required

◉ Written Test

• Usually conducted in Japanese

• Some centers offer support in English, Chinese, or other languages

• Covers Japanese traffic rules, signs, and safe driving practices

◉ Driving Test

• Conducted on a closed course

• Assesses real driving skills, including left-side driving (which differs from many countries)

• It’s known to be strict — many people fail on the first try

• Practice and preparation are highly recommended

Can I Use a Translator?

If you’re not confident in your Japanese, you can bring a translator.
However, the translator may be required to meet certain conditions — such as having an official certification or language qualification.

If you plan to use an interpreter, be sure to notify the license center in advance.

After the Conversion: Your New Japanese License

Once the process is complete, you’ll be issued a Japanese driver’s license.
From that point on, you’ll be subject to the same rules as Japanese drivers — including renewal procedures and traffic point systems.

The category of license you receive (e.g., regular car, motorcycle) will depend on what is written on your original license.

In Summary: Early Preparation Is Key

Converting a foreign driver’s license to a Japanese one may feel overwhelming due to the paperwork and procedures involved.
But if you prepare properly and check everything in advance, it can be a smooth process.

The most important thing is to confirm the details with your local Driver’s License Center, since requirements and procedures may vary slightly depending on the region.

If you’re hoping to make life in Japan more free and convenient, why not take the first step by converting your foreign license?
It’s a great way to put your driving skills to good use in your new life in Japan.

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